The characteristics of molybdenum metal mainly include its physical and chemical properties.
Physical property.
Molybdenum is a silver white metal with hard and tough properties. Its density is 10.28 grams per cubic centimeter, with a melting point of 2610-2622 ℃ and a boiling point of 4612-5560 ℃. The Mohs hardness of molybdenum is 5.5, and it has good electrical and thermal conductivity, with a conductivity of about 1.87 × 10 ⁶ S/m 12. In addition, molybdenum has high dimensional stability and low coefficient of expansion under temperature changes.
Chemical property
Molybdenum is not oxidized by air at room temperature and is insoluble in hydrochloric acid or hydrofluoric acid, but soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and molten potassium nitrate. Molybdenum oxides and hydroxides are relatively stable under alkaline conditions. At high temperatures, molybdenum can react with oxygen to form various oxides, such as MoO ₂, MoO ∝, etc. The oxidation states of molybdenum are+2,+4, and+6, with+6 being the main oxidation state 1. Molybdenum has a strong binding ability with sulfur and can form various sulfides, such as MoS ₂ (molybdenum disulfide) .
Main Application
Molybdenum has a wide range of applications in multiple fields. In the metallurgical industry, alloy steel doped with molybdenum has high strength, high toughness, and excellent heat resistance. Molybdenum is also used in the manufacture of high-performance alloy steel, tool steel, and biomedical implants. In addition, molybdenum also has important applications in the electronics industry, such as electronic devices such as tubes, transistors, and rectifiers. The high melting point and stability of molybdenum make it a key material in electronic tubes, semiconductor devices, and integrated circuits.